It was a work camp for prisoners, as a substitute for the death penalty.
The background: In the 17-18 century in England the conditions were very bad, there was no food, the crime rate was very high and the prisons were severely overcrowded accordingly.
Reasons for transport: In the normal case, the convicts would have England in their American colonies sent, but with this loss in the American Revolution, they had to offer an alternative route überlegen.Das Australia at that time was regarded as terra nullius (land without rights) England was just right.
First prisoner transports: On 13 May 1787 the first fleet arrived with 1,500 passengers in New South Wales over half were prisoners. Many people were on the ship killed or brought diseases into the country so that many indigenous (Aboriginal) are infected and died.
Penal colonies of Australia:
New South Wales would be selected as the first penal colony in 1851 it was canceled due to protests of the population from the list of the penal colony.
Tasmania
Western Australia(Tasmania and Western Australia were also removed due to protests from the list of the penal colony.)The punishment:The majority of the convicts came from weak circumstances, many were due to repeated minor offenses (stealing food to express independent thought) worden.The most common sentence for women was prostitution.The penalties ranged from 7-14 years, criminals of every kind, from the common pickpocket to the brutal murderers, so were classified in one and the same category. After expiry of their sentence they were released, they often didn´t return to England but settled in Sydney and later in other parts of Australia.End of the Transport:The transport was forbidden in 1857 legally.it were brought in 80 years 130-160.000 convicted prisoners from England to Australia
Ich will es so ungefähr im englisch Unterricht vortragen geht das ? >Danke im voraus