Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a clinically significant pathogen, is a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections. A major factor in its importance as a pathogen is its intrinsic resistance to many antimicrobial agents, which is mainly attributed to the activity of several multidrug efflux pumps. This microorganism harbours three-component multidrug efflux pumps (Mex pumps), each comprised of aninner membrane protein, an outer membrane protein and a periplasmic protein, which play important roles in its intrinsic and acquired multidrug resistance. To date, five Mex pumps have been reported: MexAB-OprM, MexCD-OprJ, MexEF-OprN, MexXY-OprM and MexJK. Additional operons encoding further homologues exist in the P. aeruginosa genome. MexAB-OprM is expressed constitutively in P. aeruginosa cells grown in standard laboratory media and contributes to intrinsic resistance to a number of antimicrobial agents, including β-lactams, macrolides, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and fluoroquinolones. MexEF-OprN is not expressed in cells grown in standard laboratory media,but is expressed in nfxC-type mutants. MexXY-OprM contributes to intrinsic resistance to a number of antimicrobial agents including aminoglycosides, tetracycline, macrolides and fluoroquinolones.
It has been reported that MexCD-OprJ is not significantly expressed in
cells grown in standard laboratory media, but is expressed in so-called nfxB-type multidrug-resistant mutants. In these mutants, MexCD-OprJ contributes to resistance to fluoroquinolones, macrolides, tetracycline and some β-lactams (e.g. cefpirome). Recently, we found that expression of MexCD-OprJ was induced by tetraphenylphosphonium chloride (TPPCl) and ethidium bromide in mutant P. aeruginosa YM63 cells lacking mexAB-oprM, mexEF-oprN and mexXY. This suggests that the mexCD-oprJ operon is inducible in wild-type P. aeruginosa, because we deleted only the internal regions, and not the regulatory region, of the mex operons in strain YM63.
Quelle: https://academic.oup.com/jac/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/jac/dkg173
Außerdem findest du in der Einleitung der folgenden Publikation noch weitere Infos:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2592872/
Falls du die Dinge nicht verstehen solltest oder sonstige Schwierigkeiten hast, kannst du gerne nochmal schreiben.